Household income per capita: upper limit of percentile 99 (Continuous PNAD)
Definition
Monthly household income per capita, in current reais, below which 99% of the population falls when ordered from lowest to highest income. Computed by IBGE from the annual Continuous PNAD.
- Formula
- Percentile 99 of the household income per capita distribution, using survey weights.
- Unit
- R$ per month
- Uncertainty
- 95% interval computed from the coefficient of variation published by IBGE: value ± 1.96 × value × CV.
- License
- LicenseRef-IBGE-reuse-with-attribution
Household income per capita: upper limit of percentile 99 (Continuous PNAD)
- Household income per capita: upper limit of percentile 99 (Continuous PNAD)
- Source: IBGE — SIDRA (Continuous PNAD) · Source version: 2026-05-08 · Collected on: 2026-10-26 · License: LicenseRef-IBGE-reuse-with-attribution
Uncertainty: 95% interval computed from the coefficient of variation published by IBGE: value ± 1.96 × value × CV.
Series breaks: 2020: Income from the Continuous PNAD 5th visit in 2020–2021 (pandemic). 2022: Return to the Continuous PNAD 1st visit.
Download data (CSV) · View the code: collection code · chart.ts
View the data as a table
| Year | Brazil |
|---|---|
| 2012 | 6,386 (6,023–6,749) |
| 2013 | 7,028 (6,656–7,400) |
| 2014 | 7,468 (7,029–7,907) |
| 2015 | 7,755 (7,375–8,135) |
| 2016 | 8,616 (7,974–9,258) |
| 2017 | 9,042 (8,563–9,521) |
| 2018 | 9,877 (9,296–10,458) |
| 2019 | 10,306 (9,660–10,952) |
| 2020 | 9,800 (9,109–10,491) † |
| 2021 | 10,223 (9,742–10,704) |
| 2022 | 10,766 (10,217–11,315) † |
| 2023 | 12,795 (12,068–13,522) |
| 2024 | 13,316 (12,637–13,995) |
| 2025 | 15,214 (14,588–15,840) |
Criticisms of the metric
- Household surveys underestimate top incomes, which mainly affects the highest percentiles; values may be too low at the top of the distribution.
- In 2020 and 2021 income comes from the 5th visit (pandemic); other editions use the 1st.
Series breaks
- 2020: Income from the Continuous PNAD 5th visit in 2020–2021 (pandemic).
- 2022: Return to the Continuous PNAD 1st visit.
References
- IBGE. PNAD Contínua — notas metodológicas. https://www.ibge.gov.br/estatisticas/sociais/trabalho/9171-pesquisa-nacional-por-amostra-de-domicilios-continua-mensal.html