Education under Lula
Adults' mean years of schooling went from 6.3 in 2006 to 6.9 in 2010, and public education spending from 4.9% to 5.6% of GDP. The government started Fundeb, the targets plan and the quality index (Ideb), the expansion of federal universities (Reuni) and federal institutes, the teacher pay floor and compulsory schooling from four to seventeen years.
What started
-
Reuni: expansion of federal universities
Federal university expansion program with more places, night courses and contracted targets, funded on adherence.
Series in the event's year (Brazil)
- Government expenditure on education (% of GDP): 5.0
- Mean years of schooling (UNDP): 6.5
- Adult literacy rate (% of people aged 15 and over): 90.0
- Research and development expenditure (% of GDP): 1.1
- Gross pre-primary enrollment (% of school-age population): 53.7
-
Targets plan Commitment All for Education and Ideb
Adopts the Basic Education Development Index, which combines assessment performance and school flow, with targets per school system and articulated action plans with municipalities.
Series in the event's year (Brazil)
- Government expenditure on education (% of GDP): 5.0
- Mean years of schooling (UNDP): 6.5
- Adult literacy rate (% of people aged 15 and over): 90.0
- Research and development expenditure (% of GDP): 1.1
- Gross pre-primary enrollment (% of school-age population): 53.7
-
Fundeb in operation
Regulates Fundeb, with distribution rules among states and municipalities and a Union top-up.
Series in the event's year (Brazil)
- Government expenditure on education (% of GDP): 5.0
- Mean years of schooling (UNDP): 6.5
- Adult literacy rate (% of people aged 15 and over): 90.0
- Research and development expenditure (% of GDP): 1.1
- Gross pre-primary enrollment (% of school-age population): 53.7
-
Teacher salary floor
Institutes the national professional salary floor for public basic education teachers and reserves one third of the workload for non-classroom activities.
Series in the event's year (Brazil)
- Government expenditure on education (% of GDP): 5.3
- Mean years of schooling (UNDP): 6.7
- Adult literacy rate (% of people aged 15 and over): 90.0
- Research and development expenditure (% of GDP): 1.1
- Gross pre-primary enrollment (% of school-age population): 57.4
-
Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology
Institutes the Federal Network of Vocational, Scientific and Technological Education and creates the federal institutes.
Series in the event's year (Brazil)
- Government expenditure on education (% of GDP): 5.3
- Mean years of schooling (UNDP): 6.7
- Adult literacy rate (% of people aged 15 and over): 90.0
- Research and development expenditure (% of GDP): 1.1
- Gross pre-primary enrollment (% of school-age population): 57.4
-
Compulsory education from four to seventeen
Makes basic education compulsory from four to seventeen and orders the gradual end of revenue delinking for education.
Series in the event's year (Brazil)
- Government expenditure on education (% of GDP): 5.5
- Mean years of schooling (UNDP): 6.8
- Adult literacy rate (% of people aged 15 and over): 90.3
- Research and development expenditure (% of GDP): 1.1
- Gross pre-primary enrollment (% of school-age population): 56.3
Cuts, withholdings and limits
-
DRU extension and gradual end for education
The 2007 amendment extended the Union revenue delinking; the 2009 amendment made the delinking on the education base fall in steps from 2009 (percentages not checked).
Series in the event's year (Brazil)
- Government expenditure on education (% of GDP): 5.0
- Mean years of schooling (UNDP): 6.5
- Adult literacy rate (% of people aged 15 and over): 90.0
- Research and development expenditure (% of GDP): 1.1
- Gross pre-primary enrollment (% of school-age population): 53.7
Change in the series over the period
From the year before the start to the last year of the period, with an optional lag. Compare with Latin America and neighbors: if all moved together, the change is probably not a government's doing.
no lag
| Indicator | Window | Brazil | Argentina | Chile | Colombia | Mexico | Latin America & Caribbean |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Government expenditure on education (% of GDP) | 2006–2010 | +0.8 p.p. | +0.9 p.p. | +1.1 p.p. | +0.9 p.p. | +0.4 p.p. | +0.7 p.p. |
| Mean years of schooling (UNDP) | 2006–2010 | +0.6 yrs | +0.4 yrs | +0.1 yrs | +0.6 yrs | +0.1 yrs | no data |
| Adult literacy rate (% of people aged 15 and over) | 2006–2010 | +0.8 p.p. | no data | no data | +1.1 p.p. | +1.3 p.p. | +1.3 p.p. |
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | 2006–2010 | +0.2 p.p. | +0.1 p.p. | no data | +0.0 p.p. | +0.1 p.p. | +0.2 p.p. |
| Gross pre-primary enrollment (% of school-age population) | 2006–2010 | no data | +5.2 p.p. | +26.2 p.p. | no data | +2.2 p.p. | +10.6 p.p. |
1-year lag
| Indicator | Window | Brazil | Argentina | Chile | Colombia | Mexico | Latin America & Caribbean |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Government expenditure on education (% of GDP) | 2007–2011 | +0.8 p.p. | +0.8 p.p. | +0.8 p.p. | +0.4 p.p. | +0.4 p.p. | +0.1 p.p. |
| Mean years of schooling (UNDP) | 2007–2011 | +0.5 yrs | +0.4 yrs | −0.3 yrs | +0.3 yrs | +0.4 yrs | no data |
| Adult literacy rate (% of people aged 15 and over) | 2007–2011 | +1.4 p.p. | no data | no data | +0.9 p.p. | +0.7 p.p. | +1.1 p.p. |
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | 2007–2011 | +0.1 p.p. | +0.1 p.p. | +0.0 p.p. | +0.0 p.p. | +0.1 p.p. | +0.1 p.p. |
| Gross pre-primary enrollment (% of school-age population) | 2007–2011 | +28.0 p.p. | +4.2 p.p. | +29.3 p.p. | no data | −2.9 p.p. | +11.2 p.p. |
2-year lag
| Indicator | Window | Brazil | Argentina | Chile | Colombia | Mexico | Latin America & Caribbean |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Government expenditure on education (% of GDP) | 2008–2012 | +0.6 p.p. | +0.5 p.p. | no data | +0.4 p.p. | +0.3 p.p. | +0.2 p.p. |
| Mean years of schooling (UNDP) | 2008–2012 | +0.5 yrs | +0.4 yrs | −0.3 yrs | +0.3 yrs | +0.5 yrs | no data |
| Adult literacy rate (% of people aged 15 and over) | 2008–2012 | +1.3 p.p. | no data | no data | no data | +1.3 p.p. | +1.1 p.p. |
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | 2008–2012 | −0.0 p.p. | +0.2 p.p. | −0.0 p.p. | +0.0 p.p. | −0.0 p.p. | +0.0 p.p. |
| Gross pre-primary enrollment (% of school-age population) | 2008–2012 | +28.6 p.p. | +4.0 p.p. | +30.7 p.p. | no data | −0.9 p.p. | +9.4 p.p. |
Pace before and during the government
Yearly change in this window, against the same length immediately before. Talk of a change in pace only when the series moved differently before; even then it does not say why. If Latin America changed pace together, the cause is probably not the government.
| Indicator | Before | During | Latin America & Caribbean: before → during |
|---|---|---|---|
| Government expenditure on education (% of GDP) | +0.28 p.p. | +0.19 p.p. | +0.01 p.p. → +0.17 p.p. |
| Mean years of schooling (UNDP) | +0.17 yrs | +0.14 yrs | no data |
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | −0.01 p.p. | +0.04 p.p. | +0.02 p.p. → +0.04 p.p. |
Government expenditure on education (% of GDP)
- Brazil
- Argentina
- Chile
- Colombia
- Mexico
- Government expenditure on education (% of GDP)
- Source: World Bank — World Development Indicators · Source version: 2026-10-08 · Collected on: 2026-11-01 · License: CC-BY-4.0
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| Year | Brazil | Argentina | Chile | Colombia | Mexico |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1975 | – | 1.8 | 3.5 | – | – |
| 1976 | – | 1.2 | – | – | – |
| 1977 | – | 1.7 | – | – | – |
| 1978 | – | 1.9 | 3.0 | – | – |
| 1979 | – | 2.4 | 3.4 | 1.8 | – |
| 1980 | – | 2.6 | 4.1 | 1.7 | – |
| 1981 | – | – | 4.8 | 2.6 | – |
| 1982 | – | 1.6 | – | – | – |
| 1983 | – | 1.6 | – | – | – |
| 1984 | – | 2.6 | – | 3.0 | – |
| 1985 | – | 1.4 | – | 2.7 | – |
| 1986 | – | 1.3 | – | – | – |
| 1987 | – | 1.3 | 2.8 | – | – |
| 1989 | – | 1.0 | – | 2.7 | 2.3 |
| 1990 | – | 1.1 | 2.2 | – | 2.3 |
| 1991 | – | – | – | – | 2.5 |
| 1992 | – | – | – | – | 3.0 |
| 1993 | – | – | 2.4 | – | – |
| 1994 | – | – | 2.5 | – | 3.5 |
| 1995 | 4.6 | – | 2.6 | – | 3.5 |
| 1996 | – | 3.7 | 2.8 | – | – |
| 1997 | – | – | 3.0 | – | – |
| 1998 | 4.8 | 4.0 | 3.3 | 3.9 | 3.2 |
| 1999 | 3.8 | 4.5 | 3.7 | 4.4 | 3.4 |
| 2000 | 3.9 | 4.6 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 3.8 |
| 2001 | 3.8 | 4.8 | – | 3.7 | 4.0 |
| 2002 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.3 | 4.2 |
| 2003 | – | 3.5 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 4.8 |
| 2004 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 4.1 | 4.5 |
| 2005 | 4.5 | 3.9 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 4.6 |
| 2006 | 4.9 | 4.1 | 3.0 | 3.9 | 4.5 |
| 2007 | 5.0 | 4.5 | 3.2 | 4.1 | 4.5 |
| 2008 | 5.3 | 4.8 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4.6 |
| 2009 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 4.9 |
| 2010 | 5.6 | 5.0 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 4.9 |
| 2011 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 4.9 |
| 2012 | 5.9 | 5.3 | – | 4.4 | 4.9 |
| 2013 | 5.8 | 5.4 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 4.5 |
| 2014 | 5.9 | 5.4 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 5.1 |
| 2015 | 6.2 | 5.8 | 4.9 | 4.5 | 5.1 |
| 2016 | 6.3 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 4.5 | 4.8 |
| 2017 | 6.3 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 4.5 | 4.4 |
| 2018 | 6.1 | 4.9 | 5.5 | 4.4 | 4.1 |
| 2019 | 6.0 | 4.8 | 5.6 | 4.5 | – |
| 2020 | 5.8 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 4.5 |
| 2021 | 5.5 | 4.7 | 5.0 | – | 4.2 |
| 2022 | 5.6 | 4.8 | 4.9 | – | 4.1 |
| 2023 | – | 5.0 | – | – | – |
Mean years of schooling (UNDP)
- Brazil
- Argentina
- Chile
- Colombia
- Mexico
- Mean years of schooling (UNDP)
- Source: UNDP — Human Development Report · Source version: HDR 2025 · Collected on: 2026-10-26 · License: CC-BY-3.0-IGO
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| Year | Brazil | Argentina | Chile | Colombia | Mexico |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 3.7 | 8.1 | 8.4 | 6.3 | 5.9 |
| 1991 | 3.8 | 8.2 | 8.5 | 6.4 | 6.0 |
| 1992 | 4.0 | 8.3 | 8.5 | 6.4 | 6.1 |
| 1993 | 4.1 | 8.3 | 8.6 | 6.5 | 6.2 |
| 1994 | 4.3 | 8.4 | 8.7 | 6.6 | 6.2 |
| 1995 | 4.4 | 8.5 | 8.8 | 6.6 | 6.3 |
| 1996 | 4.6 | 8.5 | 8.9 | 6.7 | 6.4 |
| 1997 | 4.8 | 8.6 | 8.9 | 6.7 | 6.4 |
| 1998 | 4.9 | 8.7 | 9.0 | 6.8 | 6.5 |
| 1999 | 5.1 | 8.7 | 9.1 | 6.8 | 6.6 |
| 2000 | 5.3 | 8.8 | 9.1 | 6.9 | 6.7 |
| 2001 | 5.4 | 8.9 | 9.3 | 6.9 | 6.8 |
| 2002 | 5.6 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 7.0 | 7.0 |
| 2003 | 5.8 | 9.9 | 9.6 | 7.0 | 7.1 |
| 2004 | 6.0 | 10.0 | 9.7 | 7.1 | 7.3 |
| 2005 | 6.2 | 10.1 | 9.7 | 7.3 | 7.5 |
| 2006 | 6.3 | 10.2 | 9.8 | 6.8 | 7.9 |
| 2007 | 6.5 | 10.3 | 9.8 | 7.2 | 7.9 |
| 2008 | 6.7 | 10.4 | 10.1 | 7.3 | 7.9 |
| 2009 | 6.8 | 10.5 | 10.0 | 7.3 | 8.1 |
| 2010 | 6.9 | 10.6 | 9.9 | 7.4 | 8.0 |
| 2011 | 7.0 | 10.7 | 9.5 | 7.5 | 8.3 |
| 2012 | 7.2 | 10.8 | 9.8 | 7.6 | 8.5 |
| 2013 | 7.3 | 10.9 | 10.0 | 7.8 | 8.4 |
| 2014 | 7.4 | 10.9 | 10.1 | 8.0 | 8.4 |
| 2015 | 7.5 | 10.9 | 10.3 | 8.1 | 8.6 |
| 2016 | 7.7 | 10.9 | 10.4 | 8.2 | 8.6 |
| 2017 | 7.8 | 11.0 | 10.6 | 8.4 | 8.7 |
| 2018 | 8.0 | 11.1 | 10.8 | 8.5 | 8.9 |
| 2019 | 8.1 | 11.1 | 10.9 | 8.6 | 9.1 |
| 2020 | 8.3 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 8.9 | 9.2 |
| 2021 | 8.4 | 11.2 | 11.3 | 9.0 | 9.3 |
| 2022 | 8.4 | 11.2 | 11.3 | 9.0 | 9.3 |
| 2023 | 8.4 | 11.2 | 11.3 | 9.0 | 9.3 |
Adult literacy rate (% of people aged 15 and over)
- Brazil
- Argentina
- Chile
- Colombia
- Mexico
- Adult literacy rate (% of people aged 15 and over)
- Source: World Bank — World Development Indicators · Source version: 2026-10-08 · Collected on: 2026-11-01 · License: CC-BY-4.0
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| Year | Brazil | Argentina | Chile | Colombia | Mexico |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980 | 74.6 | 93.9 | – | – | 83.0 |
| 1982 | – | – | 91.1 | – | – |
| 1990 | – | – | – | – | 87.6 |
| 1991 | – | 96.0 | – | – | – |
| 1992 | – | – | 94.3 | – | – |
| 1993 | – | – | – | 91.1 | – |
| 1996 | – | – | – | 91.2 | – |
| 2000 | 86.4 | – | – | – | 90.5 |
| 2001 | – | 97.2 | – | – | – |
| 2002 | – | – | 95.7 | – | 90.3 |
| 2004 | 88.6 | – | – | 92.8 | 90.9 |
| 2005 | – | – | – | 92.8 | 91.6 |
| 2006 | 89.6 | – | – | 92.3 | 91.7 |
| 2007 | 90.0 | – | – | 92.7 | 92.8 |
| 2008 | 90.0 | – | – | 93.4 | 92.9 |
| 2009 | 90.3 | – | – | 93.2 | 93.4 |
| 2010 | 90.4 | – | – | 93.4 | 93.1 |
| 2011 | 91.4 | – | 96.7 | 93.6 | 93.5 |
| 2012 | 91.3 | – | – | – | 94.2 |
| 2013 | 91.5 | – | 96.3 | – | 94.0 |
| 2014 | 91.7 | – | – | 94.2 | 94.6 |
| 2015 | 92.1 | – | 96.9 | 94.3 | 94.5 |
| 2016 | 92.8 | – | – | 94.7 | 94.9 |
| 2017 | 93.1 | – | 96.4 | 94.9 | 95.0 |
| 2018 | 93.2 | – | – | 95.1 | 95.4 |
| 2019 | 93.9 | – | – | 95.3 | 95.4 |
| 2020 | 94.7 | 99.1 | – | 95.6 | 95.3 |
| 2021 | 94.8 | – | – | 95.7 | 95.7 |
| 2022 | 94.4 | – | – | 95.3 | 95.1 |
| 2023 | 94.6 | – | – | 95.5 | 95.8 |
| 2024 | 94.7 | – | – | 95.3 | 95.6 |
Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)
- Brazil
- Argentina
- Chile
- Colombia
- Mexico
- Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)
- Source: World Bank — World Development Indicators · Source version: 2026-10-08 · Collected on: 2026-11-01 · License: CC-BY-4.0
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| Year | Brazil | Argentina | Chile | Colombia | Mexico |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1996 | – | 0.4 | – | – | 0.2 |
| 1997 | – | 0.4 | – | – | 0.3 |
| 1998 | – | 0.4 | – | – | 0.3 |
| 1999 | – | 0.5 | – | – | 0.3 |
| 2000 | 1.0 | 0.4 | – | 0.1 | 0.3 |
| 2001 | 1.1 | 0.4 | – | 0.1 | 0.3 |
| 2002 | 1.0 | 0.4 | – | 0.2 | 0.3 |
| 2003 | 1.0 | 0.4 | – | 0.2 | 0.4 |
| 2004 | 1.0 | 0.4 | – | 0.2 | 0.4 |
| 2005 | 1.0 | 0.4 | – | 0.2 | 0.4 |
| 2006 | 1.0 | 0.5 | – | 0.2 | 0.4 |
| 2007 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.4 |
| 2008 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.4 |
| 2009 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.5 |
| 2010 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 |
| 2011 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.5 |
| 2012 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.4 |
| 2013 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 |
| 2014 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 |
| 2015 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| 2016 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 |
| 2017 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| 2018 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| 2019 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| 2020 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| 2021 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0.4 | – | 0.3 |
| 2022 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.4 | – | 0.3 |
| 2023 | 1.2 | 0.6 | – | – | 0.3 |
| 2024 | – | – | – | – | 0.3 |
Gross pre-primary enrollment (% of school-age population)
- Brazil
- Argentina
- Chile
- Colombia
- Mexico
- Gross pre-primary enrollment (% of school-age population)
- Source: World Bank — World Development Indicators · Source version: 2026-10-08 · Collected on: 2026-11-01 · License: CC-BY-4.0
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| Year | Brazil | Argentina | Chile | Colombia | Mexico |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1975 | – | 35.7 | 48.7 | 4.5 | 12.6 |
| 1976 | – | 37.9 | 51.5 | 5.1 | 13.5 |
| 1977 | – | 39.4 | 58.2 | 5.5 | 15.4 |
| 1978 | – | – | 62.1 | 6.0 | 15.9 |
| 1979 | – | 39.2 | 64.3 | 6.9 | – |
| 1980 | – | 40.1 | 69.0 | 8.1 | 19.5 |
| 1981 | – | 42.4 | 69.1 | 9.2 | 24.7 |
| 1982 | – | 44.2 | 72.3 | 8.5 | 32.4 |
| 1983 | – | 45.2 | – | 9.4 | 38.7 |
| 1984 | – | 48.2 | 68.3 | 11.0 | 43.3 |
| 1985 | – | 50.8 | 78.1 | 11.9 | 49.1 |
| 1986 | – | 53.0 | 80.8 | 11.5 | 54.3 |
| 1987 | – | 57.3 | – | 12.2 | 58.0 |
| 1988 | – | 60.7 | 83.1 | 12.8 | 59.8 |
| 1989 | – | – | 81.0 | 13.4 | 60.7 |
| 1990 | – | – | 82.7 | – | 60.3 |
| 1991 | – | 48.6 | 75.7 | 13.8 | 61.6 |
| 1992 | – | – | 87.3 | 18.7 | 62.2 |
| 1993 | – | – | 90.7 | 20.0 | 62.9 |
| 1994 | – | 47.7 | 91.5 | 24.6 | 64.8 |
| 1995 | – | – | 97.5 | 28.2 | 66.8 |
| 1996 | – | 52.2 | 99.1 | 35.2 | 68.5 |
| 1997 | – | 53.4 | – | – | 70.2 |
| 1998 | – | 54.8 | 74.4 | 36.9 | 71.9 |
| 1999 | – | 55.5 | 77.6 | 38.5 | 73.1 |
| 2000 | – | 58.7 | 79.0 | – | 73.9 |
| 2001 | – | 59.6 | – | – | 74.5 |
| 2002 | – | 60.2 | 77.8 | – | 75.0 |
| 2003 | – | 60.6 | 75.2 | – | 80.0 |
| 2004 | – | 62.3 | 77.7 | – | 82.8 |
| 2005 | – | 63.7 | 81.8 | – | 91.2 |
| 2006 | – | 63.7 | 81.9 | – | 99.5 |
| 2007 | 53.7 | 64.6 | 84.0 | – | 105.7 |
| 2008 | 57.4 | 66.6 | 83.6 | – | 105.4 |
| 2009 | 56.3 | 68.1 | 86.4 | – | 102.5 |
| 2010 | – | 68.9 | 108.2 | – | 101.7 |
| 2011 | 81.7 | 68.9 | 113.3 | – | 102.8 |
| 2012 | 86.0 | 70.6 | 114.3 | – | 104.5 |
| 2013 | 86.7 | 72.2 | 79.0 | – | 71.0 |
| 2014 | 90.3 | 73.2 | 81.7 | – | 71.7 |
| 2015 | 90.7 | 74.7 | 82.3 | – | 72.0 |
| 2016 | 96.2 | 75.3 | 82.4 | – | 72.2 |
| 2017 | 96.7 | 76.1 | 81.8 | – | 73.7 |
| 2018 | 96.5 | 77.2 | 82.2 | – | 72.8 |
| 2019 | 95.5 | 77.8 | 84.8 | – | 71.0 |
| 2020 | 85.9 | 76.2 | 84.5 | 85.9 | 70.6 |
How to assess a government and its policies critically
Other factors that moved the same series
Economic growth until 2008 and the 2008–2009 international crisis affected public revenue. The comparison with Latin America in the table helps show what was common to the region. Causal evaluations of Reuni, ProUni and Fies are scarce in the literature reviewed for this page.
Limitations
The items on this page were written from research in secondary sources, without access to the official texts in the development environment; each item shows whether it was checked against the official record.
Mean years of schooling and adult literacy move slowly by construction and reflect decades of enrollment; a change within one term does not measure that term's policies. Enrollment series by level only start in 2007 or 2012, and the catalog has no learning series or federal spending in reais.
Sources
- Planalto — Legislação federal
- Banco Mundial — World Development Indicators (educação)
- PNUD — Relatório de Desenvolvimento Humano, dados
| # | Number | Origin |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6.3 | undp_hdr.mys BRA 2006 · UNDP — Human Development Report · Source version HDR 2025 · Collected on 2026-10-26 |
| 2 | 6.9 | undp_hdr.mys BRA 2010 · UNDP — Human Development Report · Source version HDR 2025 · Collected on 2026-10-26 |
| 3 | 4.9 | wdi.se_xpd_totl_gd_zs BRA 2006 · World Bank — World Development Indicators · Source version 2026-10-08 · Collected on 2026-11-01 |
| 4 | 5.6 | wdi.se_xpd_totl_gd_zs BRA 2010 · World Bank — World Development Indicators · Source version 2026-10-08 · Collected on 2026-11-01 |